a confused flight, charges of dragoons, and a rain of
grape upon the unfortunate Turks. The enemy soon
gave up the pursuit, evidently crippled and fatigued.
Had he continued it for one hour more, the whole army,
with baggage and cannon, would have fallen into his
hands. I fell in with a few European officers, and we
returned together to our former camp: there we took a
hasty meal, and again to horse. The living flood of
fugitives poured over the whole country. Cavalry were
mixed up with infantry, and artillery with the carriages
containing the wounded; officers were mingled with the
privates—all bound for Kars. Many of the poor soldiers,
tired to death, threw themselves on the grass, and
forgot in sleep the disasters of the day. For my part,
I fell asleep on my horse; which is certainly one of the
most unpleasant modes of sleeping—a jerk would wake
me suddenly, and throw me out of balance. A few
moments' unrefreshing sleep appeared to be a slumber
of years. At length the citadel of Kars appeared on the
horizon, and a few hours' ride brought me to its gates.
Sentinels at the gate prevented the ingress of all soldiers
and irregulars, and thus Kars escaped pillage. In my
yesterday's account I gave the number of killed and
wounded as about 1500, the prisoners 2000, and the
fugitives who have fled to their homes past Kars, as
5000. The last number, I now think, is exaggerated,
and the former two, I am of opinion, have been
estimated too low. Perhaps 2500 killed and wounded will
be nearer the mark, and 2500 prisoners, with 2000
fugitives. Fifteen cannon were left on the field, not
five, as thought at first. They were lost owing to the
absence of reserve-horses. Hassan Pasha, of the Arabistany
division, was the only general who fell. General
Bebutoff, the Russian commander-in-chief, it is said was
wounded. The Russian loss is estimated here to be
above 2000 killed." The operations of the left wing are
briefly described. "At this moment the Turkish left
wing approached, and by its presence stopped the
pursuit. The left wing at once threw itself upon the
Russians, and hurled them back. At this period fortune
appeared to shine upon the Ottoman arms. The Cossacks
had been ridden over by the Turkish cavalry, whilst
the Russian infantry commenced retreating.
Encouraged, however by its officers, who were ever in the
front (the exact reverse of the Turkish commanders),
the infantry returned to its duty, and the dragoons,
who had returned from their slaughter, fell upon and
utterly defeated part of the Turkish cavalry. The
Russian infantry advanced, and attacked the remaining
cavalry, who fled at once. The Turkish infantry likewise
recoiled and disbanded. Not two men remained
together, and the whole country was covered with dots
of fugitives. The artillery poured in grape upon them,
whilst the cavalry made hundreds of prisoners. The
Turkish artillery had already disappeared; which
accounts for its safety." The writer adds this comment
on the action. "Neither army displayed any military
qualities. The Russian cavalry was alone good; but
then it was unopposed by a respectable adversary. Their
artillery was very badly managed. The guns were
pointed too high, and little damage was done. The
noise of their reports had far more effect on the Turkish
troops than their actual execution. Their shells were
equally harmless, all exploding in the air. The Russian
infantry behaved badly. As to the conduct of the
Turkish troops, it was shameful."

The Russians occupying Bayazid it is stated have
seized the road to Persia. The pass leading from this
part of Asiatic Turkey into Persia is described as one
which completely intercepts the direct communications
of the Turks with Persia, thereby arresting the
commerce of Trebizond with that country. Letters from
Erzeroum state that the merchants have ordered their
caravans, already en route, to retrace their steps. By
this movement of Russia, it is asserted, "all European
trade to Asia is stopped."

The operations in the Baltic appear to be at an end
for this season. After the capture of Bomarsund, the
forts were blown up and destroyed; and the following
proclamation, by the commanders of the allied forces,
was issued to the inhabitants of the Aland Islands, and
read in all the churches on Sunday the 27th ult.
"We, the undersigned, Commanders-in-Chief of the
combined naval and land forces, hereby authorise the
authorities of these islands to continue in the administration
of their respective duties, as we rely on their
doing so with zeal and circumspection. In times of
tumult and war it devolves upon every well-disposed
citizen to do his utmost in maintaining order and peace;
the lower classes must not be led away with the belief
that no law or order exists, for these will be enforced
with as much rigour as heretofore. Since the late
events, which have changed the aspect of these islands,
the blockade has been raised, and the public are
informed that they are at liberty to trade with Sweden on
the same conditions and privileges as heretofore. Each
and every one is cautioned against holding any
communication with the enemy or Finland, and if any one is
found aiding them in any way he will be punished most
severely.—Given under our hands, &c, BARAGUAY
D'HILLIERS, CHARLES NAPIER, PERSEVAL
DESCHENES, HARRY D. JONES."

On the 22nd ult. a reconnaissance was made by
Captain Scott, in the Odin, with a view to ascertain the
strength of the enemy's gun-boats and defences at Abo;
and to effect this object, Captain Scott took with him
the Alban, Gorgon, and Driver. He passed through
very intricate passages, the Odin grounding no fewer
than nine times. He was received by a fire of shot and
shell, which fell short; and he succeeded in making
out that there were under the batteries, and protected
by a chain-boom and a boom of stakes, seventeen gun-
boats, of two guns each, and about twenty oars on each
side; four small steamers, and three if not four masked
batteries. There were also about 4000 troops in the
place, and 5000 on their way thither. The intention of
an attack on this place has been abandoned, and the
land-forces, with Gen. Baraguay d'Hilliers, their
commander, have returned to France.

The fortifications of Bomarsund, which cost nearly
six millions, and upwards of twenty-five years in
construction, have been totally destroyed. The work of
destruction commenced on the 30th of August, when
Fort Prästo (which had scarcely been injured, except
a very little in the roof), was blown up about midday.
A rumbling sensation was first felt, immediately
followed by two tremendous explosions, and the fort was
seen to rise into the air in an indescribable mass, with a
dense column of black dust and smoke, from out of
which beams of timber and blocks of stone shot in all
directions; and nothing remains of what was Prästo,
but two little bits of wall about twenty feet high. The
immense stores of Bomarsund were thrown open to the
country-people, who were allowed to take away as much
as they pleased—a very seasonable gift to the poor
wretches, many of whom, but for it, must have starved
during the winter. On the 1st of September Fort
Nottich, which was so gallantly breached by our small
battery, was blown up; an experiment was made to
blow it up with half the quantity of powder used at
Prästo, and the explosion of course was not so violent nor
quite as effectual, but the walls were thrown down.
On the 2nd, at 7 p.m., the mines under Bomarsund
(which had been ready for some days) were fired, and
the greater part of this stronghold was blown up with
five or six explosions. It was nearly dark when this
took place, and the effect was most magnificent. None
of the shells had been removed from the fort, and when
they were blown into the air those projectiles were
banging off in all directions, sparkling like a bright star
at the moment of their bursting. The ruins afterwards
took fire and burnt with great violence. About twelve
the fire reached another magazine, which sent the
burning timber and hot stones blazing like meteors
through the air. A portion of the centre of the tower
had been purposely left for Admiral Chads to try the
effect of the broadsides of the Edinburgh. On the 4th
he laid his ship within 500 yards, and tired seven broadsides,
which made a complete breach in the wall, knocking
several embrasures into one, and proving pretty
clearly that, if the other forts of the Emperor are built
like this they are no match against our "wooden
walls." The Admiral then tried broadsides at 1,000
yards, but neither the firing nor its effect was
satisfactory. Four natives were blown up with the fort.