what has been destroyed by the allied squadrons in the
Sea of Azoff, comprises nearly four months' rations for
an army of 100,000 men; and it seems that shortly
before our arrival the enemy had commenced sending
towards Sebastopol daily convoys of about 1500 waggons,
each containing half-a-ton weight of grain or flour."
The latest accounts of the expedition are contained in
a despatch from Lord Raglan, dated 12th inst., "My
Lord,—In my despatch of the 5th instant, I informed
your lordship that the Russians had evacuated Soujak
Kale on the 28th May. I have now the satisfaction to
acquaint you that they withdrew from Anapa on the 5th
instant, and thus they have abandoned their last
stronghold on the coast of Circassia. Intelligence of this
event was brought to Sir E. Lyons by Captain Hughes,
who, in his zealous endeavour to give the Admiral the
earliest intimation of it, went from Soujak to Kertch
in an open boat, and on passing Anapa, observed it
was burning, it having been set on fire by the
Circassians. Captain Hughes, who arrived here yesterday,
entertains no doubt that the enemy have retired across
the Kouban. The abandonment of Anapa is one of the
fruits of the attack and capture of Kertch, and of the
brilliant operations of the allied naval forces in the Sea
of Azoff, where no flag now flies but that of England
and France. The Alma has returned from Kertch,
having on board the 72nd and 63rd, whose services
ceased to be required as soon as it was known that
Anapa had been abandoned."
The utmost horror and indignation have been excited
by the news of an atrocious Massacre of an English
Boat's Crew bearing a Flag of Truce, who landed at
Hango in the Baltic, for the purpose of liberating
several prisoners. The first intelligence of this deed,
contained in a telegraphic dispatch from Admiral
Dundas, was read in the House of Commons by Sir C.
Wood on Monday evening the 18th instant. Further
particulars are given in a more detailed dispatch from
Admiral Dundas, and private letters.
It appears that the Cossack and the Esk, cruising off
Hango, discovered several boats of the kind employed
ostensibly in conveying wood to Cronstadt; and the
armed boats of both ships were sent in to take and
destroy them. This they accomplished, capturing also
three prisoners. The Admiral directed that the prisoners
should be set at liberty. With them the Cossack carried
four other prisoners, taken by the Magicienne; and
proceeded to Hango Head, where the men desired to be
landed. On the 5th of June, having perfect confidence
that a boat protected by a flag of truce would not be
molested, Captain Fanshawe despatched the prisoners in
the cutter, under charge of Lieutenant Geneste. Besides
the boat's crew and the prisoners, the officers' stewards,
and the surgeon of the Cossack, Mr. Easton, were also
allowed to go. The Cossack did not run in to cover the
boat, as her captain believed that "it was in accordance
with usage that the ship should stay out of gunshot on
such an occasion." The cutter was seen from the ship
to near the shore with the white flag flying, until it
disappeared behind a rocky island. No blank guns
were fired, no demonstrations were made which could
be considered hostile. The officer in charge was not to
suffer any one to stray from the boat; but, should it
occasion no detention, the stewards were to be allowed
to buy any provisions that might be offered. The
course of the boat was in full view of the telegraph
station; so that the enemy had ample time to warn off
the boat had he seen fit to do so. The cutter disappeared,
and did not return. Alarmed by her absence,
Captain Fanshawe sent the gig with a flag of truce, to
ascertain the cause of the delay. Evening came, and
neither of the boats returned; and the Cossack and the
Esk anchored in the inner roads. About half-past
eight, the gig came in, and reported that the cutter had
been seen hauled within a small jetty, and containing
the dead bodies of two or three of her crew. Hearing
this, it was determined to take the ships closer in; but
before they could weigh, the cutter was seen to move
from the jetty, sculled by one man at the stern. A boat
instantly went to her aid; and when she was brought
in, four dead bodies were found in her, riddled with
musket-balls. The "one" man yet alive was John
Brown. He was dangerously wounded with a shot
through the fore-arm, and a bullet in the shoulder. It
is from his lips that we obtain the particulars of the
massacre. As the boat approached the landing-place,
only one man appeared, and he ran away; so that
Lieutenant Geneste had no kind of warning. The
officers and prisoners stepped ashore, and landed the
baggage. At this stage of the proceedings some three
hundred soldiers suddenly appeared, and began firing
at the officers and prisoners. Lieutenant Geneste waved
the white flag, and called out "Flag of truce!" an old
Finn did the same, using their own language. The
leader of the gang, in tolerable English, replied—"We
don't care a damn for flags of truce; we will show how
Russians fight;" and instantly a volley of musketry
laid the officers and prisoners low on the jetty. The
ruffians, yelling fiercely, next fired into the boat at
fifteen paces, until every man was down. They then
jumped in, turned over the bodies to get out the arms,
bayonetted those still alive, and flung some overboard.
To show the relentless character of the butchery,
Captain Fanshawe mentions that "the body of one of the
men found dead in the boat, had two shots through the
leg, which he had had time to bandage with a silk-
handkerchief before he received two other fatal wounds
in the abdomen and head." Brown escaped by feigning
to be dead. It is conjectured from the fact that the
man who led the enemy carried a musket, that he was
a noncommissioned officer.
The same evening, Captain Fanshawe opened fire upon
the place at 600 yards, until a fog came on. Admiral
Dundas, in his despatch, exonerates Captaine Fanshawe
from all blame, and says that he cannot discover any
circumstance that may serve to excuse or palliate the
cruel conduct of the enemy. In order to be sure of the
facts of the case, so far as they could be ascertained,
and also to discover whether Captain Fanshawe had
taken all proper precaution in sending ashore the flag
of truce, Admiral Dundas addressed to him the following
important questions:—"1st, What were the
circumstances which rendered it necessary to select an
opportunity for landing the prisoners in question, when
the boat was unsupported by the immediate presence of
the ship you command, and when the display of a flag
of truce from her own mast-head would have obviated
all misunderstanding as to her object? 2nd, What
were the particular instructions given to the officer in
charge of the boat; and what opportunities were
afforded to the enemy to grant or to reject conditions
of truce before the party had actually landed upon his
coast? 3rd, What was the distance of the boat from
the ship when last seen previous to her landing, and
what at that time was her distance from shore? 4th,
When and at what distance from the shore was a flag of
truce first displayed; and were any blank guns or
muskets fired at the moment; and is the officer in
charge of the boat supposed to have had any reason
for believing it to have been acknowledged by the
enemy on shore? 5th, At what distance from the shore
were the riflemen of the enemy first seen on the jetty
by the crew of the Cossack's cutter? 6th, Was any
assent, implied or understood, supposed to have been
granted by the Russian officer on shore to the landing
of the prisoners or crew?" Having received full replies
to these queries, Admiral Dundas thus expresses his
opinion—"No precaution appears to have been omitted
by the officer in charge of the boat to make known the
object of his mission; and if their lordships should see
reason to regret that she was detached beyond the reach
of protection from the ship, I feel assured they will do
justice to the explanations of Captain Fanshawe."
It appears from subsequent accounts, that five of the
boat's crew were killed, and that the remainder,
including the three officers, are prisoners.
The Russian version of this affair is given in the
Journal de St. Petersbourg of the 13th instant.—"The
Commander of the Forces in Finland, Adjutant-General
von Berg, reports a very successful skirmish, which took
place not far from Hango Udd, between our volunteers
of the second battalion of the King of Prussia Grenadier
Regiment and a part of the crew of the English frigate
Cossack. The affair took place as follows: On June
5th, at noon, the frigate Cossack appeared in the roads
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